Reading & WritingChapter 1: Central Ideas and Details
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Prompt
Precise summary
Answer
A neutral compression that preserves the passage's subject, controlling development, and key limit.
Prompt
Summary vs detail list
Answer
A summary shows how major facts relate; a list merely repeats them.
Prompt
Selective completeness
Answer
Include what controls the text's meaning while omitting minor examples.
Prompt
Passage map
Answer
Situation, development, outcome, and qualification.
Prompt
Headline plus hinge
Answer
State the core outcome, then preserve the important contrast or qualification.
Prompt
Hinge words
Answer
But, while, because, although, and therefore signal relationships a summary may need.
Prompt
Too-narrow summary
Answer
Reports one accurate example but omits the passage's controlling development.
Prompt
Too-broad summary
Answer
Turns a specific finding or case into a sweeping rule.
Prompt
Evaluative summary trap
Answer
Adds praise, criticism, or emotional judgment not present in the passage.
Prompt
Causal invention
Answer
Claims one event caused another when the passage only reports association or sequence.
Prompt
Prediction trap
Answer
Extends a past or present result into the future without textual support.
Prompt
Qualification preservation
Answer
Keep words and ideas that limit where, when, or how strongly a result applies.
Prompt
When to keep a number
Answer
Only when the number is essential to the passage's comparison or conclusion.
Prompt
When to omit examples
Answer
When they illustrate the core point but do not define its scope or result.
Prompt
Neutral voice
Answer
Report what the text communicates without adding your reaction.
Prompt
Method vs finding
Answer
A summary usually prioritizes what was learned over every procedural step.
Prompt
Problem-response pattern
Answer
Name both the problem and the response when their relationship organizes the passage.
Prompt
Change-over-time pattern
Answer
Preserve the initial state, important shift, and resulting state.
Prompt
Comparison pattern
Answer
Identify what is compared and the meaningful similarity or difference.
Prompt
Final summary audit
Answer
Check coverage, relationship, scope, neutrality, and support.
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