Practice
Remainder Theorem and Factor Theorem Practice
Fifty original questions on remainders, sign handling, factors, parameters, tables, intercepts, equivalences, and divisibility.
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Question 1
Explanation
The divisor is \(x-2\), so the Remainder Theorem gives remainder \(p(2)=9\).
- Method
Identify c from x-c, then evaluate the polynomial with parentheses around a negative c.
- Verified result
The divisor is \(x-2\), so the Remainder Theorem gives remainder \(p(2)=9\).
Question 2
Explanation
The divisor is \(x-3\), so the Remainder Theorem gives remainder \(p(3)=22\).
- Method
Identify c from x-c, then evaluate the polynomial with parentheses around a negative c.
- Verified result
The divisor is \(x-3\), so the Remainder Theorem gives remainder \(p(3)=22\).
Question 3
Explanation
The divisor is \(x--1\), so the Remainder Theorem gives remainder \(p(-1)=-6\).
- Method
Identify c from x-c, then evaluate the polynomial with parentheses around a negative c.
- Verified result
The divisor is \(x--1\), so the Remainder Theorem gives remainder \(p(-1)=-6\).
Question 4
Explanation
The divisor is \(x-1\), so the Remainder Theorem gives remainder \(p(1)=-5\).
- Method
Identify c from x-c, then evaluate the polynomial with parentheses around a negative c.
- Verified result
The divisor is \(x-1\), so the Remainder Theorem gives remainder \(p(1)=-5\).
Question 5
Explanation
The divisor is \(x--2\), so the Remainder Theorem gives remainder \(p(-2)=-9\).
- Method
Identify c from x-c, then evaluate the polynomial with parentheses around a negative c.
- Verified result
The divisor is \(x--2\), so the Remainder Theorem gives remainder \(p(-2)=-9\).
Question 6
Explanation
Rewrite \(x+3\) as \(x-(-3)\). Therefore the remainder is \(f(-3)=20\), not \(f(3)\).
- Method
Rewrite x+d as x-(-d) before substituting; the sign in c is the key decision.
- Verified result
Rewrite \(x+3\) as \(x-(-3)\). Therefore the remainder is \(f(-3)=20\), not \(f(3)\).
Question 7
Explanation
Rewrite \(x+2\) as \(x-(-2)\). Therefore the remainder is \(f(-2)=-10\), not \(f(2)\).
- Method
Rewrite x+d as x-(-d) before substituting; the sign in c is the key decision.
- Verified result
Rewrite \(x+2\) as \(x-(-2)\). Therefore the remainder is \(f(-2)=-10\), not \(f(2)\).
Question 8
Explanation
Rewrite \(x+4\) as \(x-(-4)\). Therefore the remainder is \(f(-4)=-22\), not \(f(4)\).
- Method
Rewrite x+d as x-(-d) before substituting; the sign in c is the key decision.
- Verified result
Rewrite \(x+4\) as \(x-(-4)\). Therefore the remainder is \(f(-4)=-22\), not \(f(4)\).
Question 9
Explanation
Rewrite \(x+5\) as \(x-(-5)\). Therefore the remainder is \(f(-5)=13\), not \(f(5)\).
- Method
Rewrite x+d as x-(-d) before substituting; the sign in c is the key decision.
- Verified result
Rewrite \(x+5\) as \(x-(-5)\). Therefore the remainder is \(f(-5)=13\), not \(f(5)\).
Question 10
Explanation
Rewrite \(x+1\) as \(x-(-1)\). Therefore the remainder is \(f(-1)=-5\), not \(f(1)\).
- Method
Rewrite x+d as x-(-d) before substituting; the sign in c is the key decision.
- Verified result
Rewrite \(x+1\) as \(x-(-1)\). Therefore the remainder is \(f(-1)=-5\), not \(f(1)\).
Question 11
Explanation
The factor corresponds to \(c=-3\). Direct evaluation gives \(f(-3)=0\), so \(x+3\) is a factor by the Factor Theorem.
- Method
Test a candidate factor x-c by evaluating f(c); only a zero output certifies a factor.
- Verified result
The factor corresponds to \(c=-3\). Direct evaluation gives \(f(-3)=0\), so \(x+3\) is a factor by the Factor Theorem.
Question 12
Explanation
The factor corresponds to \(c=-1\). Direct evaluation gives \(f(-1)=0\), so \(x+1\) is a factor by the Factor Theorem.
- Method
Test a candidate factor x-c by evaluating f(c); only a zero output certifies a factor.
- Verified result
The factor corresponds to \(c=-1\). Direct evaluation gives \(f(-1)=0\), so \(x+1\) is a factor by the Factor Theorem.
Question 13
Explanation
The factor corresponds to \(c=0\). Direct evaluation gives \(f(0)=0\), so \(x\) is a factor by the Factor Theorem.
- Method
Test a candidate factor x-c by evaluating f(c); only a zero output certifies a factor.
- Verified result
The factor corresponds to \(c=0\). Direct evaluation gives \(f(0)=0\), so \(x\) is a factor by the Factor Theorem.
Question 14
Explanation
The factor corresponds to \(c=-4\). Direct evaluation gives \(f(-4)=0\), so \(x+4\) is a factor by the Factor Theorem.
- Method
Test a candidate factor x-c by evaluating f(c); only a zero output certifies a factor.
- Verified result
The factor corresponds to \(c=-4\). Direct evaluation gives \(f(-4)=0\), so \(x+4\) is a factor by the Factor Theorem.
Question 15
Explanation
The factor corresponds to \(c=2\). Direct evaluation gives \(f(2)=0\), so \(x-2\) is a factor by the Factor Theorem.
- Method
Test a candidate factor x-c by evaluating f(c); only a zero output certifies a factor.
- Verified result
The factor corresponds to \(c=2\). Direct evaluation gives \(f(2)=0\), so \(x-2\) is a factor by the Factor Theorem.
Question 16
Explanation
The factor gives \(p(2)=0\). The fixed terms total \(-3\), so solving \(-3+k=0\) yields \(k=3\).
- Method
Convert the known factor into a zero function value, then solve the resulting linear parameter equation.
- Verified result
The factor gives \(p(2)=0\). The fixed terms total \(-3\), so solving \(-3+k=0\) yields \(k=3\).
Question 17
Explanation
The factor gives \(p(-3)=0\). The fixed terms total \(-2\), so solving \(-2+2k=0\) yields \(k=1\).
- Method
Convert the known factor into a zero function value, then solve the resulting linear parameter equation.
- Verified result
The factor gives \(p(-3)=0\). The fixed terms total \(-2\), so solving \(-2+2k=0\) yields \(k=1\).
Question 18
Explanation
The factor gives \(p(1)=0\). The fixed terms total \(5\), so solving \(5-k=0\) yields \(k=5\).
- Method
Convert the known factor into a zero function value, then solve the resulting linear parameter equation.
- Verified result
The factor gives \(p(1)=0\). The fixed terms total \(5\), so solving \(5-k=0\) yields \(k=5\).
Question 19
Explanation
The factor gives \(p(-2)=0\). The fixed terms total \(-1\), so solving \(-1+3k=0\) yields \(k=0.3333333333333333\).
- Method
Convert the known factor into a zero function value, then solve the resulting linear parameter equation.
- Verified result
The factor gives \(p(-2)=0\). The fixed terms total \(-1\), so solving \(-1+3k=0\) yields \(k=0.3333333333333333\).
Question 20
Explanation
The factor gives \(p(4)=0\). The fixed terms total \(-2\), so solving \(-2+k=0\) yields \(k=2\).
- Method
Convert the known factor into a zero function value, then solve the resulting linear parameter equation.
- Verified result
The factor gives \(p(4)=0\). The fixed terms total \(-2\), so solving \(-2+k=0\) yields \(k=2\).
Question 21
Explanation
The table shows \(f(-1)=0\). Therefore \(x-(-1)=x+1\) is a factor and division by it has remainder zero.
- Method
Find the row with output zero, then convert its input c into factor x-c.
- Verified result
The table shows \(f(-1)=0\). Therefore \(x-(-1)=x+1\) is a factor and division by it has remainder zero.
Question 22
Explanation
The table shows \(f(3)=0\). Therefore \(x-(3)=x-3\) is a factor and division by it has remainder zero.
- Method
Find the row with output zero, then convert its input c into factor x-c.
- Verified result
The table shows \(f(3)=0\). Therefore \(x-(3)=x-3\) is a factor and division by it has remainder zero.
Question 23
Explanation
The table shows \(f(-2)=0\). Therefore \(x-(-2)=x+2\) is a factor and division by it has remainder zero.
- Method
Find the row with output zero, then convert its input c into factor x-c.
- Verified result
The table shows \(f(-2)=0\). Therefore \(x-(-2)=x+2\) is a factor and division by it has remainder zero.
Question 24
Explanation
The table shows \(f(7)=0\). Therefore \(x-(7)=x-7\) is a factor and division by it has remainder zero.
- Method
Find the row with output zero, then convert its input c into factor x-c.
- Verified result
The table shows \(f(7)=0\). Therefore \(x-(7)=x-7\) is a factor and division by it has remainder zero.
Question 25
Explanation
The table shows \(f(0)=0\). Therefore \(x-(0)=x\) is a factor and division by it has remainder zero.
- Method
Find the row with output zero, then convert its input c into factor x-c.
- Verified result
The table shows \(f(0)=0\). Therefore \(x-(0)=x\) is a factor and division by it has remainder zero.
Question 26
Explanation
The condition \(f(5)=0\) makes \(5\) a zero/root, \((5,0)\) an x-intercept, and \(x-(5)\) a factor with zero remainder. Thus: (5,0) is an x-intercept.
- Method
Translate f(c)=0 only into the standard zero-root-intercept-factor equivalences.
- Verified result
The condition \(f(5)=0\) makes \(5\) a zero/root, \((5,0)\) an x-intercept, and \(x-(5)\) a factor with zero remainder. Thus: (5,0) is an x-intercept.
Question 27
Explanation
The condition \(f(-2)=0\) makes \(-2\) a zero/root, \((-2,0)\) an x-intercept, and \(x-(-2)\) a factor with zero remainder. Thus: x+2 is a factor.
- Method
Translate f(c)=0 only into the standard zero-root-intercept-factor equivalences.
- Verified result
The condition \(f(-2)=0\) makes \(-2\) a zero/root, \((-2,0)\) an x-intercept, and \(x-(-2)\) a factor with zero remainder. Thus: x+2 is a factor.
Question 28
Explanation
The condition \(f(3)=0\) makes \(3\) a zero/root, \((3,0)\) an x-intercept, and \(x-(3)\) a factor with zero remainder. Thus: Division by x-3 has remainder 0.
- Method
Translate f(c)=0 only into the standard zero-root-intercept-factor equivalences.
- Verified result
The condition \(f(3)=0\) makes \(3\) a zero/root, \((3,0)\) an x-intercept, and \(x-(3)\) a factor with zero remainder. Thus: Division by x-3 has remainder 0.
Question 29
Explanation
The condition \(f(-4)=0\) makes \(-4\) a zero/root, \((-4,0)\) an x-intercept, and \(x-(-4)\) a factor with zero remainder. Thus: -4 solves f(x)=0.
- Method
Translate f(c)=0 only into the standard zero-root-intercept-factor equivalences.
- Verified result
The condition \(f(-4)=0\) makes \(-4\) a zero/root, \((-4,0)\) an x-intercept, and \(x-(-4)\) a factor with zero remainder. Thus: -4 solves f(x)=0.
Question 30
Explanation
The condition \(f(1)=0\) makes \(1\) a zero/root, \((1,0)\) an x-intercept, and \(x-(1)\) a factor with zero remainder. Thus: 1 is a zero of f.
- Method
Translate f(c)=0 only into the standard zero-root-intercept-factor equivalences.
- Verified result
The condition \(f(1)=0\) makes \(1\) a zero/root, \((1,0)\) an x-intercept, and \(x-(1)\) a factor with zero remainder. Thus: 1 is a zero of f.
Question 31
Explanation
Set each factor equal to zero. The roots are \(-4,1\), so the intercepts are \((-4,0),(1,0)\).
- Method
Solve each linear factor and report roots as ordered pairs on the horizontal axis.
- Verified result
Set each factor equal to zero. The roots are \(-4,1\), so the intercepts are \((-4,0),(1,0)\).
Question 32
Explanation
Set each factor equal to zero. The roots are \(-3,2,5\), so the intercepts are \((-3,0),(2,0),(5,0)\).
- Method
Solve each linear factor and report roots as ordered pairs on the horizontal axis.
- Verified result
Set each factor equal to zero. The roots are \(-3,2,5\), so the intercepts are \((-3,0),(2,0),(5,0)\).
Question 33
Explanation
Set each factor equal to zero. The roots are \(-2,0,4\), so the intercepts are \((-2,0),(0,0),(4,0)\).
- Method
Solve each linear factor and report roots as ordered pairs on the horizontal axis.
- Verified result
Set each factor equal to zero. The roots are \(-2,0,4\), so the intercepts are \((-2,0),(0,0),(4,0)\).
Question 34
Explanation
Set each factor equal to zero. The roots are \(-1,3\), so the intercepts are \((-1,0),(3,0)\).
- Method
Solve each linear factor and report roots as ordered pairs on the horizontal axis.
- Verified result
Set each factor equal to zero. The roots are \(-1,3\), so the intercepts are \((-1,0),(3,0)\).
Question 35
Explanation
Set each factor equal to zero. The roots are \(0,2,6\), so the intercepts are \((0,0),(2,0),(6,0)\).
- Method
Solve each linear factor and report roots as ordered pairs on the horizontal axis.
- Verified result
Set each factor equal to zero. The roots are \(0,2,6\), so the intercepts are \((0,0),(2,0),(6,0)\).
Question 36
Explanation
Evaluate the combined polynomial at \(c\): \(2f(c)+1g(c)=2(3)+1(-2)=4\).
- Method
Apply the Remainder Theorem after combining the supplied function values linearly.
- Verified result
Evaluate the combined polynomial at \(c\): \(2f(c)+1g(c)=2(3)+1(-2)=4\).
Question 37
Explanation
Evaluate the combined polynomial at \(c\): \(1f(c)+3g(c)=1(-4)+3(5)=11\).
- Method
Apply the Remainder Theorem after combining the supplied function values linearly.
- Verified result
Evaluate the combined polynomial at \(c\): \(1f(c)+3g(c)=1(-4)+3(5)=11\).
Question 38
Explanation
Evaluate the combined polynomial at \(c\): \(-2f(c)+4g(c)=-2(6)+4(1)=-8\).
- Method
Apply the Remainder Theorem after combining the supplied function values linearly.
- Verified result
Evaluate the combined polynomial at \(c\): \(-2f(c)+4g(c)=-2(6)+4(1)=-8\).
Question 39
Explanation
Evaluate the combined polynomial at \(c\): \(3f(c)-1g(c)=3(2)-1(-7)=13\).
- Method
Apply the Remainder Theorem after combining the supplied function values linearly.
- Verified result
Evaluate the combined polynomial at \(c\): \(3f(c)-1g(c)=3(2)-1(-7)=13\).
Question 40
Explanation
Evaluate the combined polynomial at \(c\): \(2f(c)-2g(c)=2(-5)-2(-3)=-4\).
- Method
Apply the Remainder Theorem after combining the supplied function values linearly.
- Verified result
Evaluate the combined polynomial at \(c\): \(2f(c)-2g(c)=2(-5)-2(-3)=-4\).
Question 41
Explanation
Substitution gives \(h(2)=0\). Because the value is zero, the Factor Theorem confirms that \(x-2\) is a factor of \(h(x)\).
- Method
Evaluate the combined expression at c; a zero result certifies the matching factor.
- Verified result
Substitution gives \(h(2)=0\). Because the value is zero, the Factor Theorem confirms that \(x-2\) is a factor of \(h(x)\).
Question 42
Explanation
Substitution gives \(h(-1)=0\). Because the value is zero, the Factor Theorem confirms that \(x+1\) is a factor of \(h(x)\).
- Method
Evaluate the combined expression at c; a zero result certifies the matching factor.
- Verified result
Substitution gives \(h(-1)=0\). Because the value is zero, the Factor Theorem confirms that \(x+1\) is a factor of \(h(x)\).
Question 43
Explanation
Substitution gives \(h(3)=0\). Because the value is zero, the Factor Theorem confirms that \(x-3\) is a factor of \(h(x)\).
- Method
Evaluate the combined expression at c; a zero result certifies the matching factor.
- Verified result
Substitution gives \(h(3)=0\). Because the value is zero, the Factor Theorem confirms that \(x-3\) is a factor of \(h(x)\).
Question 44
Explanation
Substitution gives \(h(4)=0\). Because the value is zero, the Factor Theorem confirms that \(x-4\) is a factor of \(h(x)\).
- Method
Evaluate the combined expression at c; a zero result certifies the matching factor.
- Verified result
Substitution gives \(h(4)=0\). Because the value is zero, the Factor Theorem confirms that \(x-4\) is a factor of \(h(x)\).
Question 45
Explanation
Substitution gives \(h(-2)=0\). Because the value is zero, the Factor Theorem confirms that \(x+2\) is a factor of \(h(x)\).
- Method
Evaluate the combined expression at c; a zero result certifies the matching factor.
- Verified result
Substitution gives \(h(-2)=0\). Because the value is zero, the Factor Theorem confirms that \(x+2\) is a factor of \(h(x)\).
Question 46
Explanation
Rewrite the divisor as \(x-c\). Here \(c=-6\); evaluate \(f(-6)\). Only a zero result establishes a factor and the intercept would be \((-6,0)\).
- Method
Normalize the divisor to x-c, then separate the remainder statement from the stricter factor condition.
- Verified result
Rewrite the divisor as \(x-c\). Here \(c=-6\); evaluate \(f(-6)\). Only a zero result establishes a factor and the intercept would be \((-6,0)\).
Question 47
Explanation
Rewrite the divisor as \(x-c\). Here \(c=4\); evaluate \(f(4)\). Only a zero result establishes a factor and the intercept would be \((4,0)\).
- Method
Normalize the divisor to x-c, then separate the remainder statement from the stricter factor condition.
- Verified result
Rewrite the divisor as \(x-c\). Here \(c=4\); evaluate \(f(4)\). Only a zero result establishes a factor and the intercept would be \((4,0)\).
Question 48
Explanation
Rewrite the divisor as \(x-c\). Here \(c=-2\); evaluate \(f(-2)\). Only a zero result establishes a factor and the intercept would be \((-2,0)\).
- Method
Normalize the divisor to x-c, then separate the remainder statement from the stricter factor condition.
- Verified result
Rewrite the divisor as \(x-c\). Here \(c=-2\); evaluate \(f(-2)\). Only a zero result establishes a factor and the intercept would be \((-2,0)\).
Question 49
Explanation
Rewrite the divisor as \(x-c\). Here \(c=0\); evaluate \(f(0)\). Only a zero result establishes a factor and the intercept would be \((0,0)\).
- Method
Normalize the divisor to x-c, then separate the remainder statement from the stricter factor condition.
- Verified result
Rewrite the divisor as \(x-c\). Here \(c=0\); evaluate \(f(0)\). Only a zero result establishes a factor and the intercept would be \((0,0)\).
Question 50
Explanation
Rewrite the divisor as \(x-c\). Here \(c=7\); evaluate \(f(7)\). Only a zero result establishes a factor and the intercept would be \((7,0)\).
- Method
Normalize the divisor to x-c, then separate the remainder statement from the stricter factor condition.
- Verified result
Rewrite the divisor as \(x-c\). Here \(c=7\); evaluate \(f(7)\). Only a zero result establishes a factor and the intercept would be \((7,0)\).
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