Practice
Fifty original SAT-style Form, Structure, and Sense questions for Topic 10-6.
The account relates events occurring at different points in time. Snow gathers outside the theater. The ticket is printed on thin silver paper. By the time the editors published the summary, they Grammar form blank: _____ the records about Amal.
earlier review → later past publication
past perfect sequence
Had reviewed marks the review as completed before the later past publication.
review before past publication → past perfect
Incorrect. Present progressive conflicts with both past events.
Correct. Past perfect marks the earlier past action.
Incorrect. Present review conflicts with the past timeline.
Incorrect. Future review would occur after publication.
Had reviewed marks the review as completed before the later past publication. The conventionally completed text reads: “By the time the editors published the summary, they had reviewed the records about Amal.”
earlier review → later past publication
verb tense and aspect
Had reviewed marks the review as completed before the later past publication.
The account relates events occurring at different points in time. The entry identifies cost-framed signs as cafeteria signs describing money lost to waste and community-framed signs as signs describing meals that discarded food could provide. Since the catalog project began, staff Grammar form blank: _____ changes concerning cost-framed signs, and they continue to do so.
past start + continuing relevance → present perfect
present perfect
Have tracked connects the past starting point with work continuing into the present.
began in past and continues now → present perfect
Incorrect. Future tense ignores the past starting point.
Incorrect. Tracking leaves the clause without a finite verb.
Correct. Present perfect fits an action extending from the past to now.
Incorrect. Simple past presents the tracking as completed despite the continuing context.
Have tracked connects the past starting point with work continuing into the present. The conventionally completed text reads: “Since the catalog project began, staff have tracked changes concerning cost-framed signs, and they continue to do so.”
past start + continuing relevance → present perfect
verb tense and aspect
Have tracked connects the past starting point with work continuing into the present.
The account relates events occurring at different points in time. The account explains that dark-coated seeds and pale-coated seeds germinate at similar rates under moderate conditions. By next spring, the archive team Grammar form blank: _____ every record concerning dark-coated seeds.
completion before future deadline → future perfect
future perfect
Will have cataloged indicates completion before next spring's deadline.
completion before next spring → future perfect
Incorrect. Simple past places completion before now.
Incorrect. Present perfect does not express the future deadline.
Incorrect. Cataloging is nonfinite in this slot.
Correct. Future perfect fits completion by a future point.
Will have cataloged indicates completion before next spring's deadline. The conventionally completed text reads: “By next spring, the archive team will have cataloged every record concerning dark-coated seeds.”
completion before future deadline → future perfect
verb tense and aspect
Will have cataloged indicates completion before next spring's deadline.
The account relates events occurring at different points in time. Davin shapes the clay without explaining the pattern. Reya recognizes the waves after filling the cup. While the workshop was still continuing, staff Grammar form blank: _____ observations about Davin.
ongoing past background + completed past action
simultaneous past actions
Recorded places the focal action within the ongoing past workshop.
recording occurred during an ongoing past workshop → simple past with past progressive background
Correct. Simple past fits the completed observations during the ongoing background action.
Incorrect. Present tense conflicts with the past workshop.
Incorrect. Future tense moves the observations outside the established past frame.
Incorrect. Present perfect introduces present relevance not established here.
Recorded places the focal action within the ongoing past workshop. The conventionally completed text reads: “While the workshop was still continuing, staff recorded observations about Davin.”
ongoing past background + completed past action
verb tense
Recorded places the focal action within the ongoing past workshop.
The account relates events occurring at different points in time. Combining methods identifies hazards neither method finds alone. Participants are volunteers rather than a random sample. By the time the editors published the summary, they Grammar form blank: _____ the records about online map comments.
earlier review → later past publication
past perfect sequence
Had reviewed marks the review as completed before the later past publication.
review before past publication → past perfect
Incorrect. Present progressive conflicts with both past events.
Correct. Past perfect marks the earlier past action.
Incorrect. Present review conflicts with the past timeline.
Incorrect. Future review would occur after publication.
Had reviewed marks the review as completed before the later past publication. The conventionally completed text reads: “By the time the editors published the summary, they had reviewed the records about online map comments.”
earlier review → later past publication
verb tense and aspect
Had reviewed marks the review as completed before the later past publication.
The account relates events occurring at different points in time. Routes are equal in length. Wind speeds are recorded nightly. Since the catalog project began, staff Grammar form blank: _____ changes concerning continuous hedge, and they continue to do so.
past start + continuing relevance → present perfect
present perfect
Have tracked connects the past starting point with work continuing into the present.
began in past and continues now → present perfect
Incorrect. Future tense ignores the past starting point.
Incorrect. Tracking leaves the clause without a finite verb.
Correct. Present perfect fits an action extending from the past to now.
Incorrect. Simple past presents the tracking as completed despite the continuing context.
Have tracked connects the past starting point with work continuing into the present. The conventionally completed text reads: “Since the catalog project began, staff have tracked changes concerning continuous hedge, and they continue to do so.”
past start + continuing relevance → present perfect
verb tense and aspect
Have tracked connects the past starting point with work continuing into the present.
The account relates events occurring at different points in time. The entry identifies Suri as a student candidate in an original campus story and Malik as Suri's opponent in the election. By next spring, the archive team Grammar form blank: _____ every record concerning Suri.
completion before future deadline → future perfect
future perfect
Will have cataloged indicates completion before next spring's deadline.
completion before next spring → future perfect
Incorrect. Simple past places completion before now.
Incorrect. Present perfect does not express the future deadline.
Incorrect. Cataloging is nonfinite in this slot.
Correct. Future perfect fits completion by a future point.
Will have cataloged indicates completion before next spring's deadline. The conventionally completed text reads: “By next spring, the archive team will have cataloged every record concerning Suri.”
completion before future deadline → future perfect
verb tense and aspect
Will have cataloged indicates completion before next spring's deadline.
The account relates events occurring at different points in time. The account explains that before-school service and after-bell service offer the same menu at no cost. While the workshop was still continuing, staff Grammar form blank: _____ observations about before-school service.
ongoing past background + completed past action
simultaneous past actions
Recorded places the focal action within the ongoing past workshop.
recording occurred during an ongoing past workshop → simple past with past progressive background
Correct. Simple past fits the completed observations during the ongoing background action.
Incorrect. Present tense conflicts with the past workshop.
Incorrect. Future tense moves the observations outside the established past frame.
Incorrect. Present perfect introduces present relevance not established here.
Recorded places the focal action within the ongoing past workshop. The conventionally completed text reads: “While the workshop was still continuing, staff recorded observations about before-school service.”
ongoing past background + completed past action
verb tense
Recorded places the focal action within the ongoing past workshop.
The account relates events occurring at different points in time. Engineers heat both tile types equally. They record cooling at one-minute intervals. By the time the editors published the summary, they Grammar form blank: _____ the records about ribbed tiles.
earlier review → later past publication
past perfect sequence
Had reviewed marks the review as completed before the later past publication.
review before past publication → past perfect
Incorrect. Present progressive conflicts with both past events.
Correct. Past perfect marks the earlier past action.
Incorrect. Present review conflicts with the past timeline.
Incorrect. Future review would occur after publication.
Had reviewed marks the review as completed before the later past publication. The conventionally completed text reads: “By the time the editors published the summary, they had reviewed the records about ribbed tiles.”
earlier review → later past publication
verb tense and aspect
Had reviewed marks the review as completed before the later past publication.
The account relates events occurring at different points in time. The limited description prompts the recipient to imagine the rest. The card never states when the sender will return. Since the catalog project began, staff Grammar form blank: _____ changes concerning the postcard, and they continue to do so.
past start + continuing relevance → present perfect
present perfect
Have tracked connects the past starting point with work continuing into the present.
began in past and continues now → present perfect
Incorrect. Future tense ignores the past starting point.
Incorrect. Tracking leaves the clause without a finite verb.
Correct. Present perfect fits an action extending from the past to now.
Incorrect. Simple past presents the tracking as completed despite the continuing context.
Have tracked connects the past starting point with work continuing into the present. The conventionally completed text reads: “Since the catalog project began, staff have tracked changes concerning the postcard, and they continue to do so.”
past start + continuing relevance → present perfect
verb tense and aspect
Have tracked connects the past starting point with work continuing into the present.
The account relates events occurring at different points in time. The square borders a transit station. The original fountain stopped operating years ago. By next spring, the archive team Grammar form blank: _____ every record concerning the fountain plan.
completion before future deadline → future perfect
future perfect
Will have cataloged indicates completion before next spring's deadline.
completion before next spring → future perfect
Incorrect. Simple past places completion before now.
Incorrect. Present perfect does not express the future deadline.
Incorrect. Cataloging is nonfinite in this slot.
Correct. Future perfect fits completion by a future point.
Will have cataloged indicates completion before next spring's deadline. The conventionally completed text reads: “By next spring, the archive team will have cataloged every record concerning the fountain plan.”
completion before future deadline → future perfect
verb tense and aspect
Will have cataloged indicates completion before next spring's deadline.
The account relates events occurring at different points in time. The entry identifies color cue as a blue marker beside a sugar source and shape cue as a striped marker beside another source. While the workshop was still continuing, staff Grammar form blank: _____ observations about color cue.
ongoing past background + completed past action
simultaneous past actions
Recorded places the focal action within the ongoing past workshop.
recording occurred during an ongoing past workshop → simple past with past progressive background
Correct. Simple past fits the completed observations during the ongoing background action.
Incorrect. Present tense conflicts with the past workshop.
Incorrect. Future tense moves the observations outside the established past frame.
Incorrect. Present perfect introduces present relevance not established here.
Recorded places the focal action within the ongoing past workshop. The conventionally completed text reads: “While the workshop was still continuing, staff recorded observations about color cue.”
ongoing past background + completed past action
verb tense
Recorded places the focal action within the ongoing past workshop.
The account relates events occurring at different points in time. The account explains that Mei and the silver mask alter what the audience notices about the performance. By the time the editors published the summary, they Grammar form blank: _____ the records about Mei.
earlier review → later past publication
past perfect sequence
Had reviewed marks the review as completed before the later past publication.
review before past publication → past perfect
Incorrect. Present progressive conflicts with both past events.
Correct. Past perfect marks the earlier past action.
Incorrect. Present review conflicts with the past timeline.
Incorrect. Future review would occur after publication.
Had reviewed marks the review as completed before the later past publication. The conventionally completed text reads: “By the time the editors published the summary, they had reviewed the records about Mei.”
earlier review → later past publication
verb tense and aspect
Had reviewed marks the review as completed before the later past publication.
The account relates events occurring at different points in time. Designers map common wrong turns. They add both cue types along the difficult route. Since the catalog project began, staff Grammar form blank: _____ changes concerning blue floor markings, and they continue to do so.
past start + continuing relevance → present perfect
present perfect
Have tracked connects the past starting point with work continuing into the present.
began in past and continues now → present perfect
Incorrect. Future tense ignores the past starting point.
Incorrect. Tracking leaves the clause without a finite verb.
Correct. Present perfect fits an action extending from the past to now.
Incorrect. Simple past presents the tracking as completed despite the continuing context.
Have tracked connects the past starting point with work continuing into the present. The conventionally completed text reads: “Since the catalog project began, staff have tracked changes concerning blue floor markings, and they continue to do so.”
past start + continuing relevance → present perfect
verb tense and aspect
Have tracked connects the past starting point with work continuing into the present.
The account relates events occurring at different points in time. Erosion declines most where both treatments are present. The design cannot separate every interaction between treatments. By next spring, the archive team Grammar form blank: _____ every record concerning woody barriers.
completion before future deadline → future perfect
future perfect
Will have cataloged indicates completion before next spring's deadline.
completion before next spring → future perfect
Incorrect. Simple past places completion before now.
Incorrect. Present perfect does not express the future deadline.
Incorrect. Cataloging is nonfinite in this slot.
Correct. Future perfect fits completion by a future point.
Will have cataloged indicates completion before next spring's deadline. The conventionally completed text reads: “By next spring, the archive team will have cataloged every record concerning woody barriers.”
completion before future deadline → future perfect
verb tense and aspect
Will have cataloged indicates completion before next spring's deadline.
The account relates events occurring at different points in time. The bakery opens before sunrise. Flour dust covers the ledger's spine. While the workshop was still continuing, staff Grammar form blank: _____ observations about Jun.
ongoing past background + completed past action
simultaneous past actions
Recorded places the focal action within the ongoing past workshop.
recording occurred during an ongoing past workshop → simple past with past progressive background
Correct. Simple past fits the completed observations during the ongoing background action.
Incorrect. Present tense conflicts with the past workshop.
Incorrect. Future tense moves the observations outside the established past frame.
Incorrect. Present perfect introduces present relevance not established here.
Recorded places the focal action within the ongoing past workshop. The conventionally completed text reads: “While the workshop was still continuing, staff recorded observations about Jun.”
ongoing past background + completed past action
verb tense
Recorded places the focal action within the ongoing past workshop.
The account relates events occurring at different points in time. The entry identifies river-clay bowls as fictional vessels made in the Luma valley and ash-glazed jars as fictional vessels from the neighboring Orin ridge. By the time the editors published the summary, they Grammar form blank: _____ the records about river-clay bowls.
earlier review → later past publication
past perfect sequence
Had reviewed marks the review as completed before the later past publication.
review before past publication → past perfect
Incorrect. Present progressive conflicts with both past events.
Correct. Past perfect marks the earlier past action.
Incorrect. Present review conflicts with the past timeline.
Incorrect. Future review would occur after publication.
Had reviewed marks the review as completed before the later past publication. The conventionally completed text reads: “By the time the editors published the summary, they had reviewed the records about river-clay bowls.”
earlier review → later past publication
verb tense and aspect
Had reviewed marks the review as completed before the later past publication.
The account relates events occurring at different points in time. The account explains that wide flowers and narrow flowers produce similar total nectar volumes. Since the catalog project began, staff Grammar form blank: _____ changes concerning wide flowers, and they continue to do so.
past start + continuing relevance → present perfect
present perfect
Have tracked connects the past starting point with work continuing into the present.
began in past and continues now → present perfect
Incorrect. Future tense ignores the past starting point.
Incorrect. Tracking leaves the clause without a finite verb.
Correct. Present perfect fits an action extending from the past to now.
Incorrect. Simple past presents the tracking as completed despite the continuing context.
Have tracked connects the past starting point with work continuing into the present. The conventionally completed text reads: “Since the catalog project began, staff have tracked changes concerning wide flowers, and they continue to do so.”
past start + continuing relevance → present perfect
verb tense and aspect
Have tracked connects the past starting point with work continuing into the present.
The account relates events occurring at different points in time. Asha repeats a rising phrase each afternoon. Pavel tunes three notes to match it. By next spring, the archive team Grammar form blank: _____ every record concerning Asha.
completion before future deadline → future perfect
future perfect
Will have cataloged indicates completion before next spring's deadline.
completion before next spring → future perfect
Incorrect. Simple past places completion before now.
Incorrect. Present perfect does not express the future deadline.
Incorrect. Cataloging is nonfinite in this slot.
Correct. Future perfect fits completion by a future point.
Will have cataloged indicates completion before next spring's deadline. The conventionally completed text reads: “By next spring, the archive team will have cataloged every record concerning Asha.”
completion before future deadline → future perfect
verb tense and aspect
Will have cataloged indicates completion before next spring's deadline.
The account relates events occurring at different points in time. Both captions increase discussion, but of different kinds. The paintings are matched rather than identical. While the workshop was still continuing, staff Grammar form blank: _____ observations about descriptive captions.
ongoing past background + completed past action
simultaneous past actions
Recorded places the focal action within the ongoing past workshop.
recording occurred during an ongoing past workshop → simple past with past progressive background
Correct. Simple past fits the completed observations during the ongoing background action.
Incorrect. Present tense conflicts with the past workshop.
Incorrect. Future tense moves the observations outside the established past frame.
Incorrect. Present perfect introduces present relevance not established here.
Recorded places the focal action within the ongoing past workshop. The conventionally completed text reads: “While the workshop was still continuing, staff recorded observations about descriptive captions.”
ongoing past background + completed past action
verb tense
Recorded places the focal action within the ongoing past workshop.
The account relates events occurring at different points in time. Charge cycles are automated. Chambers maintain constant humidity. By the time the editors published the summary, they Grammar form blank: _____ the records about cool storage.
earlier review → later past publication
past perfect sequence
Had reviewed marks the review as completed before the later past publication.
review before past publication → past perfect
Incorrect. Present progressive conflicts with both past events.
Correct. Past perfect marks the earlier past action.
Incorrect. Present review conflicts with the past timeline.
Incorrect. Future review would occur after publication.
Had reviewed marks the review as completed before the later past publication. The conventionally completed text reads: “By the time the editors published the summary, they had reviewed the records about cool storage.”
earlier review → later past publication
verb tense and aspect
Had reviewed marks the review as completed before the later past publication.
The account relates events occurring at different points in time. The entry identifies the carved chair as a damaged chair in an original family story and Mina as the carpenter restoring it. Since the catalog project began, staff Grammar form blank: _____ changes concerning the carved chair, and they continue to do so.
past start + continuing relevance → present perfect
present perfect
Have tracked connects the past starting point with work continuing into the present.
began in past and continues now → present perfect
Incorrect. Future tense ignores the past starting point.
Incorrect. Tracking leaves the clause without a finite verb.
Correct. Present perfect fits an action extending from the past to now.
Incorrect. Simple past presents the tracking as completed despite the continuing context.
Have tracked connects the past starting point with work continuing into the present. The conventionally completed text reads: “Since the catalog project began, staff have tracked changes concerning the carved chair, and they continue to do so.”
past start + continuing relevance → present perfect
verb tense and aspect
Have tracked connects the past starting point with work continuing into the present.
The account relates events occurring at different points in time. The account explains that field recordings and projected maps represent the district through layered evidence. By next spring, the archive team Grammar form blank: _____ every record concerning field recordings.
completion before future deadline → future perfect
future perfect
Will have cataloged indicates completion before next spring's deadline.
completion before next spring → future perfect
Incorrect. Simple past places completion before now.
Incorrect. Present perfect does not express the future deadline.
Incorrect. Cataloging is nonfinite in this slot.
Correct. Future perfect fits completion by a future point.
Will have cataloged indicates completion before next spring's deadline. The conventionally completed text reads: “By next spring, the archive team will have cataloged every record concerning field recordings.”
completion before future deadline → future perfect
verb tense and aspect
Will have cataloged indicates completion before next spring's deadline.
The account relates events occurring at different points in time. Teams deploy microphones before sunrise. Listeners visit matched sites on the same mornings. While the workshop was still continuing, staff Grammar form blank: _____ observations about automated microphones.
ongoing past background + completed past action
simultaneous past actions
Recorded places the focal action within the ongoing past workshop.
recording occurred during an ongoing past workshop → simple past with past progressive background
Correct. Simple past fits the completed observations during the ongoing background action.
Incorrect. Present tense conflicts with the past workshop.
Incorrect. Future tense moves the observations outside the established past frame.
Incorrect. Present perfect introduces present relevance not established here.
Recorded places the focal action within the ongoing past workshop. The conventionally completed text reads: “While the workshop was still continuing, staff recorded observations about automated microphones.”
ongoing past background + completed past action
verb tense
Recorded places the focal action within the ongoing past workshop.
The account relates events occurring at different points in time. Using both sources produces a fuller account of market strain. Neither record represents residents who did not trade. By the time the editors published the summary, they Grammar form blank: _____ the records about harbor tax lists.
earlier review → later past publication
past perfect sequence
Had reviewed marks the review as completed before the later past publication.
review before past publication → past perfect
Incorrect. Present progressive conflicts with both past events.
Correct. Past perfect marks the earlier past action.
Incorrect. Present review conflicts with the past timeline.
Incorrect. Future review would occur after publication.
Had reviewed marks the review as completed before the later past publication. The conventionally completed text reads: “By the time the editors published the summary, they had reviewed the records about harbor tax lists.”
earlier review → later past publication
verb tense and aspect
Had reviewed marks the review as completed before the later past publication.
The account relates events occurring at different points in time. The source poem is fictional. Both versions contain twelve lines. Since the catalog project began, staff Grammar form blank: _____ changes concerning version A, and they continue to do so.
past start + continuing relevance → present perfect
present perfect
Have tracked connects the past starting point with work continuing into the present.
began in past and continues now → present perfect
Incorrect. Future tense ignores the past starting point.
Incorrect. Tracking leaves the clause without a finite verb.
Correct. Present perfect fits an action extending from the past to now.
Incorrect. Simple past presents the tracking as completed despite the continuing context.
Have tracked connects the past starting point with work continuing into the present. The conventionally completed text reads: “Since the catalog project began, staff have tracked changes concerning version A, and they continue to do so.”
past start + continuing relevance → present perfect
verb tense and aspect
Have tracked connects the past starting point with work continuing into the present.
The account relates events occurring at different points in time. The entry identifies line K as a synthetic seedling line selected for coastal soil and line M as a related line selected for rapid growth. By next spring, the archive team Grammar form blank: _____ every record concerning line K.
completion before future deadline → future perfect
future perfect
Will have cataloged indicates completion before next spring's deadline.
completion before next spring → future perfect
Incorrect. Simple past places completion before now.
Incorrect. Present perfect does not express the future deadline.
Incorrect. Cataloging is nonfinite in this slot.
Correct. Future perfect fits completion by a future point.
Will have cataloged indicates completion before next spring's deadline. The conventionally completed text reads: “By next spring, the archive team will have cataloged every record concerning line K.”
completion before future deadline → future perfect
verb tense and aspect
Will have cataloged indicates completion before next spring's deadline.
The account relates events occurring at different points in time. The account explains that Block Alder and Block Birch provide some midday shade for pedestrians. While the workshop was still continuing, staff Grammar form blank: _____ observations about Block Alder.
ongoing past background + completed past action
simultaneous past actions
Recorded places the focal action within the ongoing past workshop.
recording occurred during an ongoing past workshop → simple past with past progressive background
Correct. Simple past fits the completed observations during the ongoing background action.
Incorrect. Present tense conflicts with the past workshop.
Incorrect. Future tense moves the observations outside the established past frame.
Incorrect. Present perfect introduces present relevance not established here.
Recorded places the focal action within the ongoing past workshop. The conventionally completed text reads: “While the workshop was still continuing, staff recorded observations about Block Alder.”
ongoing past background + completed past action
verb tense
Recorded places the focal action within the ongoing past workshop.
The account relates events occurring at different points in time. A designer tests the poster at three viewing distances. She increases contrast around the date but retains the venue line. By the time the editors published the summary, they Grammar form blank: _____ the records about large date text.
earlier review → later past publication
past perfect sequence
Had reviewed marks the review as completed before the later past publication.
review before past publication → past perfect
Incorrect. Present progressive conflicts with both past events.
Correct. Past perfect marks the earlier past action.
Incorrect. Present review conflicts with the past timeline.
Incorrect. Future review would occur after publication.
Had reviewed marks the review as completed before the later past publication. The conventionally completed text reads: “By the time the editors published the summary, they had reviewed the records about large date text.”
earlier review → later past publication
verb tense and aspect
Had reviewed marks the review as completed before the later past publication.
The account relates events occurring at different points in time. More fish arrive near healthy-reef playback. Arrival does not prove long-term settlement. Since the catalog project began, staff Grammar form blank: _____ changes concerning healthy-reef sounds, and they continue to do so.
past start + continuing relevance → present perfect
present perfect
Have tracked connects the past starting point with work continuing into the present.
began in past and continues now → present perfect
Incorrect. Future tense ignores the past starting point.
Incorrect. Tracking leaves the clause without a finite verb.
Correct. Present perfect fits an action extending from the past to now.
Incorrect. Simple past presents the tracking as completed despite the continuing context.
Have tracked connects the past starting point with work continuing into the present. The conventionally completed text reads: “Since the catalog project began, staff have tracked changes concerning healthy-reef sounds, and they continue to do so.”
past start + continuing relevance → present perfect
verb tense and aspect
Have tracked connects the past starting point with work continuing into the present.
The account relates events occurring at different points in time. The city library serves six neighborhoods. Staff use the same library cards at every location. By next spring, the archive team Grammar form blank: _____ every record concerning mobile library stops.
completion before future deadline → future perfect
future perfect
Will have cataloged indicates completion before next spring's deadline.
completion before next spring → future perfect
Incorrect. Simple past places completion before now.
Incorrect. Present perfect does not express the future deadline.
Incorrect. Cataloging is nonfinite in this slot.
Correct. Future perfect fits completion by a future point.
Will have cataloged indicates completion before next spring's deadline. The conventionally completed text reads: “By next spring, the archive team will have cataloged every record concerning mobile library stops.”
completion before future deadline → future perfect
verb tense and aspect
Will have cataloged indicates completion before next spring's deadline.
The account relates events occurring at different points in time. The entry identifies symbolic notation as written marks representing movement sequences and video rehearsal as a recording of dancers performing the same sequence. While the workshop was still continuing, staff Grammar form blank: _____ observations about symbolic notation.
ongoing past background + completed past action
simultaneous past actions
Recorded places the focal action within the ongoing past workshop.
recording occurred during an ongoing past workshop → simple past with past progressive background
Correct. Simple past fits the completed observations during the ongoing background action.
Incorrect. Present tense conflicts with the past workshop.
Incorrect. Future tense moves the observations outside the established past frame.
Incorrect. Present perfect introduces present relevance not established here.
Recorded places the focal action within the ongoing past workshop. The conventionally completed text reads: “While the workshop was still continuing, staff recorded observations about symbolic notation.”
ongoing past background + completed past action
verb tense
Recorded places the focal action within the ongoing past workshop.
The account relates events occurring at different points in time. The account explains that waxed leaves and matte leaves receive the same measured water volume. By the time the editors published the summary, they Grammar form blank: _____ the records about waxed leaves.
earlier review → later past publication
past perfect sequence
Had reviewed marks the review as completed before the later past publication.
review before past publication → past perfect
Incorrect. Present progressive conflicts with both past events.
Correct. Past perfect marks the earlier past action.
Incorrect. Present review conflicts with the past timeline.
Incorrect. Future review would occur after publication.
Had reviewed marks the review as completed before the later past publication. The conventionally completed text reads: “By the time the editors published the summary, they had reviewed the records about waxed leaves.”
earlier review → later past publication
verb tense and aspect
Had reviewed marks the review as completed before the later past publication.
The account relates events occurring at different points in time. A historian transcribes both interviews. She compares details that recur across the accounts. Since the catalog project began, staff Grammar form blank: _____ changes concerning Laleh's interview, and they continue to do so.
past start + continuing relevance → present perfect
present perfect
Have tracked connects the past starting point with work continuing into the present.
began in past and continues now → present perfect
Incorrect. Future tense ignores the past starting point.
Incorrect. Tracking leaves the clause without a finite verb.
Correct. Present perfect fits an action extending from the past to now.
Incorrect. Simple past presents the tracking as completed despite the continuing context.
Have tracked connects the past starting point with work continuing into the present. The conventionally completed text reads: “Since the catalog project began, staff have tracked changes concerning Laleh's interview, and they continue to do so.”
past start + continuing relevance → present perfect
verb tense and aspect
Have tracked connects the past starting point with work continuing into the present.
The account relates events occurring at different points in time. Visitors can recognize the depot while using it as a library. Some original interior walls were already missing. By next spring, the archive team Grammar form blank: _____ every record concerning the old depot shell.
completion before future deadline → future perfect
future perfect
Will have cataloged indicates completion before next spring's deadline.
completion before next spring → future perfect
Incorrect. Simple past places completion before now.
Incorrect. Present perfect does not express the future deadline.
Incorrect. Cataloging is nonfinite in this slot.
Correct. Future perfect fits completion by a future point.
Will have cataloged indicates completion before next spring's deadline. The conventionally completed text reads: “By next spring, the archive team will have cataloged every record concerning the old depot shell.”
completion before future deadline → future perfect
verb tense and aspect
Will have cataloged indicates completion before next spring's deadline.
The account relates events occurring at different points in time. The workshop stands beside a quiet canal. A brass bell hangs above its door. While the workshop was still continuing, staff Grammar form blank: _____ observations about Mara.
ongoing past background + completed past action
simultaneous past actions
Recorded places the focal action within the ongoing past workshop.
recording occurred during an ongoing past workshop → simple past with past progressive background
Correct. Simple past fits the completed observations during the ongoing background action.
Incorrect. Present tense conflicts with the past workshop.
Incorrect. Future tense moves the observations outside the established past frame.
Incorrect. Present perfect introduces present relevance not established here.
Recorded places the focal action within the ongoing past workshop. The conventionally completed text reads: “While the workshop was still continuing, staff recorded observations about Mara.”
ongoing past background + completed past action
verb tense
Recorded places the focal action within the ongoing past workshop.
The account relates events occurring at different points in time. The entry identifies raised crossings as a street-design feature tested near two schools and painted curb extensions as a second feature tested at the same sites. By the time the editors published the summary, they Grammar form blank: _____ the records about raised crossings.
earlier review → later past publication
past perfect sequence
Had reviewed marks the review as completed before the later past publication.
review before past publication → past perfect
Incorrect. Present progressive conflicts with both past events.
Correct. Past perfect marks the earlier past action.
Incorrect. Present review conflicts with the past timeline.
Incorrect. Future review would occur after publication.
Had reviewed marks the review as completed before the later past publication. The conventionally completed text reads: “By the time the editors published the summary, they had reviewed the records about raised crossings.”
earlier review → later past publication
verb tense and aspect
Had reviewed marks the review as completed before the later past publication.
The account relates events occurring at different points in time. The account explains that chronological layout and thematic alcoves organize the same collection from different perspectives. Since the catalog project began, staff Grammar form blank: _____ changes concerning chronological layout, and they continue to do so.
past start + continuing relevance → present perfect
present perfect
Have tracked connects the past starting point with work continuing into the present.
began in past and continues now → present perfect
Incorrect. Future tense ignores the past starting point.
Incorrect. Tracking leaves the clause without a finite verb.
Correct. Present perfect fits an action extending from the past to now.
Incorrect. Simple past presents the tracking as completed despite the continuing context.
Have tracked connects the past starting point with work continuing into the present. The conventionally completed text reads: “Since the catalog project began, staff have tracked changes concerning chronological layout, and they continue to do so.”
past start + continuing relevance → present perfect
verb tense and aspect
Have tracked connects the past starting point with work continuing into the present.
The account relates events occurring at different points in time. Nia finds an unlabeled packet in a kitchen drawer. She plants it and recognizes the first blue flower. By next spring, the archive team Grammar form blank: _____ every record concerning Nia.
completion before future deadline → future perfect
future perfect
Will have cataloged indicates completion before next spring's deadline.
completion before next spring → future perfect
Incorrect. Simple past places completion before now.
Incorrect. Present perfect does not express the future deadline.
Incorrect. Cataloging is nonfinite in this slot.
Correct. Future perfect fits completion by a future point.
Will have cataloged indicates completion before next spring's deadline. The conventionally completed text reads: “By next spring, the archive team will have cataloged every record concerning Nia.”
completion before future deadline → future perfect
verb tense and aspect
Will have cataloged indicates completion before next spring's deadline.
The account relates events occurring at different points in time. Residents report fewer missed instructions when formats are combined. Self-reported understanding is not a direct comprehension test. While the workshop was still continuing, staff Grammar form blank: _____ observations about translated notices.
ongoing past background + completed past action
simultaneous past actions
Recorded places the focal action within the ongoing past workshop.
recording occurred during an ongoing past workshop → simple past with past progressive background
Correct. Simple past fits the completed observations during the ongoing background action.
Incorrect. Present tense conflicts with the past workshop.
Incorrect. Future tense moves the observations outside the established past frame.
Incorrect. Present perfect introduces present relevance not established here.
Recorded places the focal action within the ongoing past workshop. The conventionally completed text reads: “While the workshop was still continuing, staff recorded observations about translated notices.”
ongoing past background + completed past action
verb tense
Recorded places the focal action within the ongoing past workshop.
The account relates events occurring at different points in time. The speakers alternate for ten lines. The final line is spoken together. By the time the editors published the summary, they Grammar form blank: _____ the records about Voice One.
earlier review → later past publication
past perfect sequence
Had reviewed marks the review as completed before the later past publication.
review before past publication → past perfect
Incorrect. Present progressive conflicts with both past events.
Correct. Past perfect marks the earlier past action.
Incorrect. Present review conflicts with the past timeline.
Incorrect. Future review would occur after publication.
Had reviewed marks the review as completed before the later past publication. The conventionally completed text reads: “By the time the editors published the summary, they had reviewed the records about Voice One.”
earlier review → later past publication
verb tense and aspect
Had reviewed marks the review as completed before the later past publication.
The account relates events occurring at different points in time. The entry identifies Tomas as a traveler waiting in an original short scene and the station clock as an old clock above the departure board. Since the catalog project began, staff Grammar form blank: _____ changes concerning Tomas, and they continue to do so.
past start + continuing relevance → present perfect
present perfect
Have tracked connects the past starting point with work continuing into the present.
began in past and continues now → present perfect
Incorrect. Future tense ignores the past starting point.
Incorrect. Tracking leaves the clause without a finite verb.
Correct. Present perfect fits an action extending from the past to now.
Incorrect. Simple past presents the tracking as completed despite the continuing context.
Have tracked connects the past starting point with work continuing into the present. The conventionally completed text reads: “Since the catalog project began, staff have tracked changes concerning Tomas, and they continue to do so.”
past start + continuing relevance → present perfect
verb tense and aspect
Have tracked connects the past starting point with work continuing into the present.
The account relates events occurring at different points in time. The account explains that short object labels and question-based labels attempt to deepen visitor attention. By next spring, the archive team Grammar form blank: _____ every record concerning short object labels.
completion before future deadline → future perfect
future perfect
Will have cataloged indicates completion before next spring's deadline.
completion before next spring → future perfect
Incorrect. Simple past places completion before now.
Incorrect. Present perfect does not express the future deadline.
Incorrect. Cataloging is nonfinite in this slot.
Correct. Future perfect fits completion by a future point.
Will have cataloged indicates completion before next spring's deadline. The conventionally completed text reads: “By next spring, the archive team will have cataloged every record concerning short object labels.”
completion before future deadline → future perfect
verb tense and aspect
Will have cataloged indicates completion before next spring's deadline.
The account relates events occurring at different points in time. An archivist dates each sketch and photograph. She aligns them with sections of the finished wall. While the workshop was still continuing, staff Grammar form blank: _____ observations about planning sketches.
ongoing past background + completed past action
simultaneous past actions
Recorded places the focal action within the ongoing past workshop.
recording occurred during an ongoing past workshop → simple past with past progressive background
Correct. Simple past fits the completed observations during the ongoing background action.
Incorrect. Present tense conflicts with the past workshop.
Incorrect. Future tense moves the observations outside the established past frame.
Incorrect. Present perfect introduces present relevance not established here.
Recorded places the focal action within the ongoing past workshop. The conventionally completed text reads: “While the workshop was still continuing, staff recorded observations about planning sketches.”
ongoing past background + completed past action
verb tense
Recorded places the focal action within the ongoing past workshop.
The account relates events occurring at different points in time. The combined maps help them find a forgotten courtyard. Neither map alone includes every useful detail. By the time the editors published the summary, they Grammar form blank: _____ the records about Evelyn's map.
earlier review → later past publication
past perfect sequence
Had reviewed marks the review as completed before the later past publication.
review before past publication → past perfect
Incorrect. Present progressive conflicts with both past events.
Correct. Past perfect marks the earlier past action.
Incorrect. Present review conflicts with the past timeline.
Incorrect. Future review would occur after publication.
Had reviewed marks the review as completed before the later past publication. The conventionally completed text reads: “By the time the editors published the summary, they had reviewed the records about Evelyn's map.”
earlier review → later past publication
verb tense and aspect
Had reviewed marks the review as completed before the later past publication.
The account relates events occurring at different points in time. Workers receive the same hourly pay. The repair shop closes on Sundays. Since the catalog project began, staff Grammar form blank: _____ changes concerning fixed shifts, and they continue to do so.
past start + continuing relevance → present perfect
present perfect
Have tracked connects the past starting point with work continuing into the present.
began in past and continues now → present perfect
Incorrect. Future tense ignores the past starting point.
Incorrect. Tracking leaves the clause without a finite verb.
Correct. Present perfect fits an action extending from the past to now.
Incorrect. Simple past presents the tracking as completed despite the continuing context.
Have tracked connects the past starting point with work continuing into the present. The conventionally completed text reads: “Since the catalog project began, staff have tracked changes concerning fixed shifts, and they continue to do so.”
past start + continuing relevance → present perfect
verb tense and aspect
Have tracked connects the past starting point with work continuing into the present.
The account relates events occurring at different points in time. The entry identifies plain-language synopsis as a concise plot guide for a fictional play and sensory guide as a description of lighting, sound, and staging effects. By next spring, the archive team Grammar form blank: _____ every record concerning plain-language synopsis.
completion before future deadline → future perfect
future perfect
Will have cataloged indicates completion before next spring's deadline.
completion before next spring → future perfect
Incorrect. Simple past places completion before now.
Incorrect. Present perfect does not express the future deadline.
Incorrect. Cataloging is nonfinite in this slot.
Correct. Future perfect fits completion by a future point.
Will have cataloged indicates completion before next spring's deadline. The conventionally completed text reads: “By next spring, the archive team will have cataloged every record concerning plain-language synopsis.”
completion before future deadline → future perfect
verb tense and aspect
Will have cataloged indicates completion before next spring's deadline.
The account relates events occurring at different points in time. The account explains that Leena and Oren treat silence as part of the composition. While the workshop was still continuing, staff Grammar form blank: _____ observations about Leena.
ongoing past background + completed past action
simultaneous past actions
Recorded places the focal action within the ongoing past workshop.
recording occurred during an ongoing past workshop → simple past with past progressive background
Correct. Simple past fits the completed observations during the ongoing background action.
Incorrect. Present tense conflicts with the past workshop.
Incorrect. Future tense moves the observations outside the established past frame.
Incorrect. Present perfect introduces present relevance not established here.
Recorded places the focal action within the ongoing past workshop. The conventionally completed text reads: “While the workshop was still continuing, staff recorded observations about Leena.”
ongoing past background + completed past action
verb tense
Recorded places the focal action within the ongoing past workshop.
The account relates events occurring at different points in time. Observers count visitors every two hours. They classify activities without collecting names. By the time the editors published the summary, they Grammar form blank: _____ the records about Ridge Park.
earlier review → later past publication
past perfect sequence
Had reviewed marks the review as completed before the later past publication.
review before past publication → past perfect
Incorrect. Present progressive conflicts with both past events.
Correct. Past perfect marks the earlier past action.
Incorrect. Present review conflicts with the past timeline.
Incorrect. Future review would occur after publication.
Had reviewed marks the review as completed before the later past publication. The conventionally completed text reads: “By the time the editors published the summary, they had reviewed the records about Ridge Park.”
earlier review → later past publication
verb tense and aspect
Had reviewed marks the review as completed before the later past publication.
The account relates events occurring at different points in time. Hollow moss retains a larger share of its starting water. The trial does not establish the cause of the difference. Since the catalog project began, staff Grammar form blank: _____ changes concerning ridge moss, and they continue to do so.
past start + continuing relevance → present perfect
present perfect
Have tracked connects the past starting point with work continuing into the present.
began in past and continues now → present perfect
Incorrect. Future tense ignores the past starting point.
Incorrect. Tracking leaves the clause without a finite verb.
Correct. Present perfect fits an action extending from the past to now.
Incorrect. Simple past presents the tracking as completed despite the continuing context.
Have tracked connects the past starting point with work continuing into the present. The conventionally completed text reads: “Since the catalog project began, staff have tracked changes concerning ridge moss, and they continue to do so.”
past start + continuing relevance → present perfect
verb tense and aspect
Have tracked connects the past starting point with work continuing into the present.
Keyboard: use Tab to move, arrow keys to change answer choices, and Enter to check an answer.
Use the results to decide what to review before your next attempt.
No mistakes this time. Excellent work.