Reading & WritingChapter 3: Command of Evidence
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Prompt
3-3: What does supporting evidence do?
💡Recall the definition rule before revealing the answer.
Answer
It makes a claim more credible or more consistent with observations.
ExampleApply this card to the next Evidence That Supports or Weakens a Claim item you study.
Prompt
3-3: What does weakening evidence do?
💡Recall the definition rule before revealing the answer.
Answer
It makes a claim less credible by contradicting a prediction, favoring another explanation, or exposing a limit.
Prompt
3-3: Neutral versus weakening?
💡Recall the distinction rule before revealing the answer.
Answer
Neutral evidence does not test the relationship; weakening evidence bears on it in the contrary direction.
Prompt
3-3: Must weakening evidence completely disprove?
💡Recall the scope rule before revealing the answer.
Answer
No. Lowering credibility is sufficient.
Prompt
3-3: A claim predicts a difference; groups are equal. Effect?
💡Recall the mini decision rule before revealing the answer.
Answer
The null result may weaken the claim under the relevant conditions.
Prompt
3-3: How can an alternative mechanism weaken?
💡Recall the reasoning rule before revealing the answer.
Answer
It explains the observation without requiring the mechanism proposed by the claim.
ExampleApply this card to the next Evidence That Supports or Weakens a Claim item you study.
Prompt
3-3: What is a wrong-direction trap?
💡Recall the trap rule before revealing the answer.
Answer
Evidence supports when the prompt asks to weaken, or weakens when the prompt asks to support.
Prompt
3-3: For a causal claim, what should evidence test?
💡Recall the causation rule before revealing the answer.
Answer
Whether changing or comparing the proposed cause corresponds to the predicted outcome.
Prompt
3-3: Contrary versus null finding?
💡Recall the distinction rule before revealing the answer.
Answer
Contrary moves opposite the prediction; null shows no predicted difference.
Prompt
3-3: Why read the direction word twice?
💡Recall the strategy rule before revealing the answer.
Answer
Nearly identical stimuli can ask opposite tasks, making direction errors easy.
Prompt
3-3: What official SAT skill contains this topic?
💡Recall the mapping rule before revealing the answer.
Answer
Information and Ideas → Command of Evidence. This topic is an internal teaching subdivision, not a separate official skill.
ExampleApply this card to the next Evidence That Supports or Weakens a Claim item you study.
Prompt
3-3: Is this Textual or Quantitative practice?
💡Recall the mapping rule before revealing the answer.
Answer
Primarily Command of Evidence—Textual.
Prompt
3-3: What is the central focus?
💡Recall the focus rule before revealing the answer.
Answer
classifying relevant evidence by whether it increases, decreases, or leaves unchanged a claim's credibility
Prompt
3-3: What does relevant evidence look like?
💡Recall the relevance rule before revealing the answer.
Answer
A result that matches or contradicts a prediction made by the exact claim.
Prompt
3-3: Give an irrelevant-evidence pattern.
💡Recall the trap rule before revealing the answer.
Answer
A true detail that would leave the claim equally credible whether it occurred or not.
Prompt
3-3: What scope rule matters most?
💡Recall the scope rule before revealing the answer.
Answer
Weakening need not disprove; supporting need not prove.
ExampleApply this card to the next Evidence That Supports or Weakens a Claim item you study.
Prompt
3-3: What verification step prevents errors?
💡Recall the verification rule before revealing the answer.
Answer
State the predicted result, then compare the choice's direction with the direction requested in the stem.
Prompt
3-3: Support means prove—true or false?
💡Recall the certainty rule before revealing the answer.
Answer
False. Evidence may strengthen or be consistent with a claim without establishing certainty.
Prompt
3-3: What is the minimum-assumption rule?
💡Recall the strategy rule before revealing the answer.
Answer
Prefer the evidence that reaches the supplied claim most directly with the fewest unstated bridges.
Prompt
3-3: Command of Evidence versus Inferences?
💡Recall the skill boundary rule before revealing the answer.
Answer
Command of Evidence gives the claim and asks for evidence; Inferences gives evidence and asks for the conclusion.
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